View the profiles of people named Isabelle de Castille. She was brought to court when she was 13 in order to be under the king’s eye. Instead, her daughter Joan, wife of Philip I and mother of the Holy Roman emperor Charles V, became the heiress of Castile. Isabelle Iere de Castille, dite Isabelle la Catholique (1451 1504) est une souveraine espagnole, reine de Castille et León de 1474 à 1504 et dAragon et Sicile de 1479 à 1504. Our editors will review what you’ve submitted and determine whether to revise the article. With the capture of Granada, the main work of the orders had been done, and a process that envisaged their ultimate absorption into the lands of the crown was logical and sensible. It assures scholars that, in allotting to Isabella the foremost place among their rulers, Spaniards do not misjudge this remarkable woman. The first four years of Isabella’s reign were thus occupied by a civil war, which ended in defeat for her Castilian opponents and for the Portuguese king (February 24, 1479). Isabella and Edmund of Langley, 1st Duke of York, had three children: Isabella is depicted, ahistorically, as living in late December 1399 at the time of the Epiphany Rising in Act V of Shakespeare's Richard II. Isabelle Ire de Castille dite Isabelle la Catholique, née le 22 avril 1451 à Madrigal de las Altas Torres et morte le 26 novembre 1504 à Medina del Campo, est, de son propre chef, reine de Castille et León de 1474 à 1504, reine d'Aragon, de Majorque, de Valence, de Sardaigne, de Sicile ( 1479 – 1504) et de Naples ( … Without first seeking her brother’s consent as she had promised, in 1469 Isabella…, …the succession of Castile after Isabella’s death (1504) to the third, Joan the Mad, and her husband, Philip I (the Handsome) of Castile, ruler of the Burgundian Netherlands. [4], In her will Isabel named King Richard as her heir, requesting him to grant her younger son, Richard, an annuity of 500 marks. Spain emerged as a united country, but it was long before this personal union would lead to effective political unification. Because she left no memoirs, her will is in many ways the most reliable picture of her. The monarchs were interested in the reform of the secular clergy and still more in that of the orders of monks, friars, and nuns; Isabella took a particular interest in the reform of the Poor Clares, an order of Franciscan nuns. Although the story of her offering to pledge her jewels to help finance the expedition cannot be accepted, and Columbus secured only limited financial support from her, Isabella and her councillors must receive credit for making the decision to approve the momentous voyage. In 1487 Ferdinand became grand master of Calatrava, and by 1499 he had acquired the grand masterships of Alcántara and Santiago. Isabelle la Catholique. Isabelle de Castille (fille d'Henri II de León), épouse de Gonzalo Núñez de Guzmán. Spanish Aristocrat, daughter illegitimate Emperor Carlos V and Germana de FoixQueen, born to 1519 and deceased to 1565. As between the Portuguese and Aragonese candidates, she herself, no doubt assisted in her decision by her small group of councillors, came down in favour of Ferdinand of Aragon. These orders had been exploited for too long by the nobility and were the subject of intense rivalry among those who sought to be elected master of one or other of them. Isabella I was not originally heir to the throne. Ayant choisi l'alliance avec l'Aragon à l'alliance avec le Portugal, dans l'espoir d'unifier la péninsule Ibérique sous domination castillane, Isabelle est mariée avec Ferdinand de… Though her early years were spent quietly with her mother, she was soon drawn into Castilian politics. The King complied. The terms on which the expedition was to set out to discover a new route to the Indies were drawn up on April 17, 1492. Please select which sections you would like to print: Corrections? Although when she died there was still much to be done, the rulers and Cisneros together had gone far toward achieving their goals. She also completed the Reconquista but infamously expelled Jews and Muslims and empowered the Spanish Inquisition. Isabelle De Castille Benjamin Ramon. For the tombs of Edmund of Langley and Isabella of Castile, see 'Friaries: King's Langley priory', A History of the County of Hertford: Volume 4 (1971), pp. Le roi Ferdinand II, roi d’Aragon et sa femme Isabelle, reine de Castille décident de confier cette mission à un génial artilleur, qui venait de restaurer l’Alhambra après sa victoire contre les maures, Francisco Ramiro Lopez. Emeritus Fellow of Merton College, Oxford; former Lecturer in Modern History, University of Oxford. Meanwhile, in 1480 the Inquisition had been set up in Andalusia. [7], Isabella was appointed a Lady of the Garter in 1379.[8]. In 1491 she and Ferdinand set up a forward headquarters at Santa Fe, close to their ultimate objective, and there they stayed until Granada fell on January 2, 1492. Retrouvez Isabelle de Castille: Journal d'une princesse espagnole (1466-1469) et des millions de livres en stock sur Amazon.fr. Naturally, many of the outstanding literary works of her reign, such as Antonio de Nebrija’s Gramática Castellana (1492; “Castilian Grammar”), were dedicated to her. Isabelle de Castille (1355-1393), épouse en 1372 Edmond d'Angleterre (° vers 1341 - † 1402 ), duc d'York, dit Edmond de Langley. Isabelle Ire de Castille dite Isabelle la Catholique, née en 1451, morte en 1504 est une reine de Castille (Espagne). With prudence she comments on the basis of her political program—the unity of the states of the Iberian Peninsula, the maintenance of control over the Strait of Gibraltar, and a policy of expansion into Muslim North Africa, of just rule for the Indians of the New World, and of reform in the church at home. [1], On 21 September 1371 Edward III's fourth son, John of Gaunt, 1st Duke of Lancaster, married Isabella's elder sister, Constance (d. 1394), who after the death of their father in 1369 claimed the throne of Castile. Print depicting Christopher Columbus bidding farewell to Queen Isabella I on his departure for the New World, August 3, 1492. Isabella accompanied her sister to England, and on 11 July 1372, at about the age of 17, married John of Gaunt's younger brother, Edmund of Langley, 1st Duke of York, fifth son of King Edward III and Philippa of Hainault, at Wallingford, Oxfordshire, as part of a dynastic alliance in furtherance of the Plantagenet claim to the crown of Castile. A third suitor, the French duc de Guiènne, was sidestepped, and without Henry’s approval she married Ferdinand in October 1469 in the palace of Juan de Vivero, at Valladolid. Their rule effected the permanent union of Spain and the beginning of an overseas empire in the New World, led by Christopher Columbus under Isabella’s sponsorship. When in 1492 Talavera became archbishop of Granada, his place at the queen’s side was taken by Cisneros, for whom the monarchs secured the crucial position of archbishop of Toledo in 1495. Isabelle de Castille (fille d'Henri II de León), épouse de Gonzalo Núñez de Guzmán. 23 relations. Ferdinand of Aragon marries Isabella of Castile in Valladolid, thus beginning a cooperative reign that would unite all the dominions of Spain and elevate the nation to a dominant world power. Subsequently, she successfully rejected the suggestion that the pope’s nephew should become archbishop of Sevilla. Despite the fact that she had a younger brother, Alfonso, and that her early years were spent quietly with her mother at Arévalo, Isabella was soon drawn into Castilian politics. Three years after her birth her half brother became king as Henry IV. Emeritus Fellow of Merton College, Oxford; former Lecturer in Modern History, University of Oxford. The new Special Agent in Charge on FBI is Isobel Castille. Isabella of Castile, Duchess of York (1355 – 23 December 1392) was the daughter of King Peter and his mistress María de Padilla (d. 1361). Isabelle de Castille (1355 [1] à Tordesillas † 23 décembre 1392 [1]), duchesse d'York et comtesse de Cambridge, est l'épouse d'Edmond de Langley. Isabella was the youngest of the three daughters of King Peter of Castile by his favourite mistress, María de Padilla (d.1361). [3], As a result of her indiscretions, including an affair with King Richard II's half-brother, John Holland, 1st Duke of Exeter (d. 1400), whom Pugh terms 'violent and lawless', Isabella left behind a tarnished reputation, her loose morals being noted by the chronicler Thomas Walsingham. But each kingdom continued to be governed according to its own institutions. Although Isabella and Henry were to some extent reconciled, the long-threatened war of succession broke out at once when the king died in 1474. https://www.ancestry.com.au/mediaui-viewer/collection/1030/tree/46888042/person/122086772445/media/bf41d2f6-1b54-4644-b907-b881fa4ef1f4?_phsrc=Cxo2368, For other people named Isabella of Castile, see. After she reached the age of 30, she acquired proficiency in Latin. She accompanied her elder sister, Constance, to England after Constance's marriage to John of Gaunt, 1st Duke of Lancaster, and married Gaunt's younger brother, Edmund of Langley, 1st Duke of York. As heiress of Castile, the question of Isabella’s future marriage became a matter of increasing diplomatic activity at home and abroad. https://www.lesechos.fr/2003/11/isabelle-de-castille-reine-polemique-678264 Castile, an arid land of sheepherders, great landowning churchmen, and crusading knights, and Aragon, with its Catalan miners and its strong ties to Mediterranean Europe, made uneasy partners; but a series of…, …her and recognized his sister Isabella as heir to the throne in the Pact of Los Toros de Guisando in 1468. Isabella of Castile While not the primary candidate for the throne few can deny the talents and virtues of the young princess Isabella. Juan II accuses Fernando of caring more for his wife's kingdom than for his. In it she sums up her aspirations and her awareness of how much she and Ferdinand had been unable to do. She was the daughter of Pedro I, Rey de Castilla y León and Maria de Padilla. Her choice of spiritual advisers brought to the fore such different and remarkable men as Hernando de Talavera and Cardinal Cisneros. Isabelle de Castille (1355 à Tordesillas – « Isabella of Castile (1355–1392) »,, dans Anthony Tuck, « Edmund, first duke of York (1341–1402) », Oxford Dictionary of National Biography, Oxford University Press, édition en ligne, janvier 2008. The Netherlands nobility were delighted to see this enormous accretion of power to their ruler and looked forward to the advantages that…. She accompanied her elder sister, Constance, to England after Constance's marriage to John of Gaunt, 1st Duke of Lancaster, and married Gaunt's younger brother, Edmund of Langley, 1st Duke of York. Isabella succeeded her brother as Queen of Castile … Henry seems to have wanted his half sister to marry Afonso V, king of Portugal. Enjoy the videos and music you love, upload original content, and share it all with friends, family, and the world on YouTube. 446–451. Join Facebook to connect with Isabelle de Castille and others you may know. When her father, John II, died, her half brother became king of Castile as Henry IV. Isabella took a close interest in the conduct of the war and seems to have been responsible for improved methods of supply and for the establishment of a military hospital. Although some of the features of the campaign were medieval (such as the order of battle), others were novel. Three years after she was born, her half brother became king of Castile as Henry IV. Biographie Famille. Isabella of Castile, Duchess of York (1355 – 23 December 1392) was the daughter of King Peter and his mistress María de Padilla (d. 1361). In the end, however, the conquest (which began in 1482) proved difficult and drawn out, and it strained the finances of Castile. Isabel I of Castilla, llamada the Catholic (Madrigal de las Altas Torres, 22 de abril de 1451—Medina del Campo, 26 de November of 1504) fue reina de Castilla desde 1474 hasta 1504, y reina consorte de Sicilia desde 1469 y de Aragón en 1479. Loading... Unsubscribe from Benjamin Ramon? By signing up for this email, you are agreeing to news, offers, and information from Encyclopaedia Britannica. At court she encouraged such notable scholars as Pietro Martire d’Anghiera, whom she set up as the head of a new palace school for the sons of the nobility. When Henry died Isabella was in Segovia, which was secured for her claim. Infanta Isabella of Castile, Duchess of York was the daughter of King Peter of Castile and María de Padilla. There is little doubt that this represented the culmination of a long and popular movement against non-Christians and doubtful converts, which had manifested itself frequently in the late Middle Ages in Castile. The queen and her advisers hardly needed Columbus to remind them of the opportunity now offered for the spreading of Christianity. En 1462, elle dut aller vivre, avec son jeune frère Alphonse (alors àâgé de huit ans), à la cour de Tolède, auprès de leur frère consanguin, le roi Henri IV (Enrique IV), que son imbécillité, ainsi que l'inconduite de sa femme, rendait de plus en plus odieux à la nation. The king encouraged this group by going back on the accord of 1468 on the grounds that Isabella had shown disobedience to the crown in marrying Ferdinand without the royal consent. Omissions? [2] According to Pugh, Isabella and Edmund of Langley were 'an ill-matched pair'. Spanish Jews pleading before King Ferdinand and Queen Isabella, while grand inquisitor Tomás de Torquemada argues for their expulsion from Spain, in a painting by Solomon A. Hart. However, further largesse which might have been expected when Richard came of age was not to be, as King Richard II was deposed in 1399, and according to Harriss, Isabella's younger son, Richard, 'received no favours from the new King, Henry IV'. It is difficult to disentangle Isabella’s personal responsibility for the achievements of her reign from those of Ferdinand. She was the queen of Castille after 1474 and of Aragon after her marriage to Ferdinand of Aragon in 1479. Ferdinand, indeed, in his first will (1475) made Isabella his heir in Aragon and openly declared the advantages his subjects would derive from the union with Castile. Fille de Jean II Trastamare (1406-1454), roi de Castille, Isabelle, née le 2 avril 1451, monte sur le trône grâce à une loi dynastique qui n'en exclut pas les filles et à l'appui des grands du royaume, auxquels doit céder son demi-frère, le roi Henri IV, en déshéritant sa propre fille. Upon the death of John II of Aragon in the same year, the kingdoms of Castile and Aragon came together in the persons of their rulers. Isabelle de Castille. She steps into the void left by character Dana Mosier, who decided to retire during the Season 1 finale of … The last decade of her reign took place against a background of family sorrows brought about by the deaths of her only son and heir, Juan (1497); of her daughter Isabella, queen of Portugal, in childbirth (1498); and of her grandchild Miguel (1500), who might have brought about a personal union between Spain and Portugal. Active in court politics but more cooperative toward Henry than her full brother Alfonso had been, she was made Henry’s heir and took the throne when he died in 1474. The opposing faction, which put forward the counterclaims of Joan, included the archbishop of Toledo; a former supporter, the master of Calatrava (an influential military order); and the powerful young marqués de Villena. Achetez neuf ou d'occasion Good sense and statesmanship were equally reflected in Isabella’s will and codicil. Let us know if you have suggestions to improve this article (requires login). Biography of Isabel de Castilla (ca. At the same time display was matched with religious feeling. The New World that was explored as a result of that decision was, with papal confirmation, annexed to the crown of Castile, in accordance with existing practice in regard to such previous Atlantic discoveries as the Canary Islands. This was particularly true when she thought the pope was making bad appointments to Spanish benefices or in any way encroaching on the customary rights of the crown over the Spanish churches. Portugal, Aragon, and France each put forward a marriage candidate. This page was last edited on 6 August 2020, at 08:04. Elle a régné de 1474 à 1504. The queen and her councillors were more ready to recognize the rights of the Indians than was Columbus; she ordered some of those he had brought back as slaves to be released. Pinches, John Harvey; Pinches, Rosemary (1974), The Royal Heraldry of England, Heraldry Today, Slough, Buckinghamshire: Hollen Street Press, Richard of Conisburgh, 3rd Earl of Cambridge, Thomas le Despenser, 1st Earl of Gloucester, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Isabella_of_Castile,_Duchess_of_York&oldid=971456145, Pages containing links to subscription-only content, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Queen Isabella I, also known as Isabella the Catholic, is famous as the queen who financed Christopher Columbus's voyages to the New World. 1519-ca. She married Edmund of Langley, 1st Duke of York, son of Edward III, King of England and Philippe de Hainaut, between 1 March 1372 and 30 April 1372 at Hertford Castle, Hertford, Hertfordshire, England. A border incident sours... 8.6 Editor of Spain in the Fifteenth Century; coeditor of Europe in the Late Middle Ages. Isabelle est la fille aînée de Sanche IV de Castille et de son épouse María de Molina.Ses grands-parents paternels sont Alphonse X le Sage, roi de Castille et León de 1252 à 1284 et roi des Romains de 1257 à 1273, et Yolande d'Aragon.Ses grands-parents maternels sont Alphonse de Molina, infante de León et Castille et Mayor Alfonso de Meneses Be on the lookout for your Britannica newsletter to get trusted stories delivered right to your inbox. She was also the patron of Spanish and Flemish artists, and part of her extensive collection of pictures survives. [5], Isabella died 23 December 1392, aged about 37, and was buried 14 January 1393 at the church of the Dominicans at Kings Langley. In terms of accomplishments, Isabella I unified Spain through her marriage to Ferdinand II of Aragon, and she financed the expedition of Christopher Columbus, leading to the discovery of the Americas. Get exclusive access to content from our 1768 First Edition with your subscription. Isabel visits Seville, Castile's richest city but also a place plagued by crime and corruption. Listen to Musique à la cour de Ferdinand II d'Aragon et d'Isabelle de Castille 1474-1576 by Gabriel Hernandez & Stefano Pando on Deezer. …Ferdinand II of Aragon and Isabella of Castile brought two great Hispanic kingdoms together under a single dynasty. Isabella de Castilla was born circa 1355 at Morales, Spain. Isabella was almost as interested in education as she was in religion. queen of Spain. Updates? One of the achievements of Isabella’s last decade was undoubtedly the success with which she and Ferdinand, acting on her initiative, extended their authority over the military orders of Alcántara, Calatrava, and Santiago, thus giving the crown control over their vast property and patronage. Yet the unexpected discoveries quickly brought fresh problems to Isabella, not the least of which was the relationship between the newly discovered “Indians” and the crown of Castile. They were supported by Afonso V of Portugal, who hastened to invade Castile and there betrothed himself to Joan. The queen was still concerned with these problems when she died in 1504. For example, for the vacant see of Cuenca in 1478 she rejected the Italian cardinal appointed by the pope, who four years later accepted her alternative Spanish candidate.